Отправлено: 18.08.08 05:42. Заголовок: Transport Properties of Compact Clays

Transport Properties of Compact Clays: I. Conductivity and Permeability
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Volume 240, Issue 2, 15 August 2001, Pages 498-508
N. Mammar, M. Rosanne, B. Prunet-Foch, J. -F. Thovert, E. Tevissen, P. M. Adler

a IPGP, tour 24, 4, Place Jussieu, Paris Cedex 05, 75252, France b Laboratoire de Physique des Matйriaux Divisйs et des Interfaces, 5 boulevard Descartes, Marne la Vallйe Cedex 2, F-77454, France c PTM/LCD, BP30179, Futuroscope, F-86962, France d ANDRA Direction Scientifique, 1-7 rue Jean Monet, Chвtenay-Malabry Cedex, France

Received 2 November 2000; accepted 4 May 2001. ; Available online 6 May 2002.




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Abstract
Conductivity and permeability of model and natural clays have been studied experimentally. Local properties such as porosity and zeta potentials were measured as functions of the electrolyte solutions. Whenever possible, experimental data were compared to numerical data obtained for random packings of grains of arbitrary shape, and a good agreement was found between them.


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Transport properties of compact clays: II. Diffusion
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Volume 260, Issue 1, 1 April 2003, Pages 195-203

M. Rosannea, N. Mammara, N. Koudinaa, B. Prunet-Fochb, J. -F. Thovertc, E. Tevissend and P. M. Adler, , a

a IPGP, tour 24, 4, Place Jussieu, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France b Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux Divisés et des Interfaces, 5, boulevard Descartes, F-77454, Marne la Vallée Cedex 2, France c PTM/LCD, BP30179, F-86962, Futuroscope, France d ANDRA, 1-7, rue Jean Monet, Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France

Received 6 August 2002; accepted 20 December 2002. ; Available online 15 March 2003.

References and further reading may be available for this article. To view references and further reading you must purchase this article.
Abstract
An experimental system was constructed in order to measure the diffusion coefficient in three types of porous media, namely mica, sodic montmorillonite, and natural compact clay. Several salts at various concentrations were used for the measurements in order to investigate the influence of these factors. Influence of porosity was also studied. In a first approximation, all the results can be summarized by a simple Archie's law independent of the clay and of the solute. The diffusion and electric formation factors have also been systematically compared; they generally agree for large porosities, while they disagree for small porosities for clay and montmorillonite.

Article Outline
1. Introduction
2. Materials and methods
2.1. Experimental set-up: the diffusion cells
2.2. Materials and preparation of the samples
2.3. Measurements
2.4. Experimental procedure
3. Experimental results
3.1. Determination of the macroscopic diffusion coefficient
3.2. Measurements on muscovite mica with NaCl for various concentrations
3.3. Measurements on sodic montmorillonite under various compaction pressures for various concentrations and solutes
3.4. Measurements on clay powder under various compaction pressures and various NaCl concentrations
3.5. Measurements on a compact clay for various concentrations and solutes
4. Analysis and discussion
4.1. The initial transient period
4.2. Comparison with the electric formation factor
5. Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References

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Transport coefficients of saturated compact clays
Coefficients de transport pour des argiles compactes saturées

Comptes Rendus Geosciences, Volume 338, Issues 12-13, October 2006, Pages 908-916
Marcin Paszkutaa, Maria Rosannea and Pierre M. Adler, a,
aSisyphe, 4, place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France
Received 20 May 2005; accepted 23 June 2006. Written on invitation of the Editorial Board. Available online 4 August 2006.

References and further reading may be available for this article. To view references and further reading you must purchase this article.


Abstract
The coefficients that characterize the simultaneous transports of mass, heat, solute and current through compact clays are experimentally and theoretically determined. The role of a characteristic length scale that can be derived from conductivity and permeability is illustrated for the electrokinetic coefficients. The macroscopic Soret coefficient in clays was found five times larger than in the free fluid, presumably because of extra couplings with electrical phenomena. To cite this article: M. Paszkuta et al., C. R. Geoscience 338 (2006).

Résumé
Les coefficients qui caractérisent le transport simultané de masse, de chaleur, de soluté et de courant au travers d'argiles compactes sont déterminés expérimentalement et théoriquement. Le rôle d'une longueur caractéristique qui peut être déduite de la conductivité et de la perméabilité est illustré pour ce qui concerne les coefficients électrocinétiques. Le coefficient de Soret macroscopique dans les argiles est cinq fois plus grand que dans le fluide libre, probablement à cause de couplages supplémentaires avec les phénomènes électriques. Pour citer cet article : M. Paszkuta et al., C. R. Geoscience 338 (2006).

Keywords: Compact clays; Electro-osmotic coefficient; Soret coefficient



Mots-clés: Argiles compactes; Coefficient électro-osmotique; Coefficient de Soret

Article Outline
1. Introduction
2. General
3. Experimental
3.1. Materials
3.2. Experimental determination of the coefficients K, σ and γ21 (=γ12) in isothermal conditions
3.2.1. Experimental procedure
3.2.2. Results and discussion
3.3. Experimental determination of the coefficients γ13, γ23, γ33 and γ34
3.3.1. Experimental procedure
3.3.2. Determination of γ13, γ23 and γ33 in isothermal conditions
3.3.3. Analysis of γ13, γ23 and γ33 in isothermal conditions
3.3.4. Analysis of the Soret coefficient
4. Concluding remarks
References





Fig. 1. The zeta potential ζ as a function of NaCl concentration C. Data are for: EST104/2364 (■) and EST104/2487 (●). The precision is about 15%.

Potentiel ζ en fonction de la concentration C en NaCl. Les données sont pour : EST104/2364 (■) et EST104/2487 (●). La précision est d'environ 15%.

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